Scaling up TB detection in Myanmar through virtual training on Chest X-ray interpretation

In Myanmar’s fight against tuberculosis (TB), one of the greatest challenges is ensuring timely and accurate diagnosis, especially in hard-to-reach areas where patients often seek care first at local clinics or small hospitals. To bridge this gap, the World Health Organization (WHO) recently supported an innovative solution through bringing expert training directly to doctors across the country through virtual platforms.

In June and July 2025, 367 doctors from both the public and private sectors completed a series of online trainings in Chest X-ray (CXR) interpretation. The participants included general practitioners from PPM clinics, medical officers from private hospitals, and clinicians serving communities where health services are often limited. These are the front-line doctors who frequently see patients with symptoms of TB and are the first step in the diagnostic process.

Why CXR matters in TB detection

CXR remains one of the most sensitive and reliable tools for detecting pulmonary TB. Its importance is even greater because TB can often present without symptoms; over 60 percent of prevalent TB cases in Myanmar are asymptomatic. Without the right skills to interpret CXRs accurately, many of these cases risk going undetected.

In collaboration with all partners working together to stop TB, WHO has been promoting the use of CXR as an initial test, followed by GeneXpert testing, to improve early and accurate TB diagnosis. Strengthening the capacity of doctors to interpret these images is therefore essential to breaking the chain of transmission and ensuring timely treatment.

Spotlight on childhood TB

A notable feature of the training was its emphasis on detecting childhood TB. This followed a key recommendation from the Childhood TB Mission to Myanmar in December 2024. Because TB in children can be harder to detect and diagnose, the training devoted special attention to interpreting pediatric CXRs, equipping doctors with the skills to identify signs of TB in this particularly vulnerable population.

Learning through technology

Delivered entirely online, the training combined lectures, image-based learning, case discussions, and guided exercises. This innovative approach provided high-quality instruction from a remote expert at just 4 percent of the cost of traditional in-person training. It also allowed more doctors to participate in a shorter period. Assessments showed a clear improvement: post-test scores rose to 85 percent compared to 70 percent in the pre-test, and final CXR reading scores averaged 80 percent.

A step toward ending TB in Myanmar

Beyond the impressive numbers, the initiative reflects WHO’s commitment to helping Myanmar advance toward the End TB targets. By embracing technology-driven, cost-effective approaches, WHO is supporting the country in strengthening diagnostic capacity despite financial and logistical constraints.

By harnessing innovation to build capacity, WHO and partners are helping to ensure that TB diagnosis in Myanmar is faster, more accurate, and more accessible—an essential step in the country’s journey to end TB.