Integration of noncommunicable diseases into HIV service packages: technical brief

Overview

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) – primarily cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases cause nearly 75% of deaths worldwide. NCDs are associated with huge inequity, often caused by, or exacerbate poverty. Every year, 17 million people under 70 years of age die of NCDs, and 86% of the deaths are in low- and middle-income countries. Many of the premature deaths could be avoided by addressing major NCDs risk factors and by early detection and treatment.

People living with HIV (PLHIV) and NCDs: PLHIV are at increased risk of NCDs (especially cardiovascular disease, cervical cancer, diabetes, and mental health conditions) than people without HIV. Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of non-AIDS-related morbidity and mortality among PLHIV. Furthermore, with increased coverage of antiretroviral therapy, the life expectancy of PLHIV has improved, exposing them to the risk of diseases that are common with ageing and exposure to NCD risk factors.